Management review that actually improves the business
Learn how to run an ISO 9001 Clause 9.3 management review that turns evidence into decisions, with the right inputs, actionable outputs, and a cadence that fits your risks.
STANAG 4400
STANAG 4400 derivation of thermochemical values for interior ballistic calculation
Manufacturers of gun and rocket propellants, and the interior ballistics engineers at manufacturers and defence procurement bodies who derive or check the thermochemical values used in gun ballistics calculations.
STANAG 4400 is the NATO agreement on deriving thermochemical values for interior ballistic calculations. NATO has not released it publicly; this page describes it from the Czech defence standard that implements it.
- Edition
- 1
- Published
- 1993-06-03
NATO has not released this STANAG publicly. It is NATO UNCLASSIFIED, and organisations that need it obtain it through their national standardization authority.
What it is
STANAG 4400 is the NATO Standardization Agreement on deriving thermochemical values for interior ballistic calculations. Edition 1 was promulgated on 3 June 1993, sponsored by NATO's CNAD, AC/225 NAAG, ICGIF.
NATO has not released STANAG 4400 publicly, so this page describes it from a public national implementation, the Czech defence standard ČOS 102507 (2nd edition, Prague, 2022, replacing the 1st edition's Amendment 1), which states that it introduces STANAG 4400 edition 1 into Czech use. A national implementation can add national requirements and reservations, so treat what follows as the Czech implementation's content, not as NATO's own text.
What the Czech implementation covers
ČOS 102507 sets out methods and procedures for deriving the thermochemical values used as input to interior ballistics calculations for guns. It states that these values feed into a unified thermodynamic model of interior ballistics with global parameters, described separately in STANAG 4367, and that a common model and derivation method is meant to ensure that values one nation obtains in manufacturing, testing and using guns or ammunition agree with values other NATO nations determine.
The standard fixes the assumptions a derivation must use: combustion products are treated as in thermochemical equilibrium with no heat loss during combustion; gas behaviour is described by a virial equation of state truncated at the third term, or an equivalent; equilibrium is found by minimising free energy under a stated constraint such as volume or energy; every propellant composition considered must include at least the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, potassium, aluminium, sodium, barium, magnesium, fluorine and lead; and a ratio of frozen specific heat capacities is calculated by the method it sets out.
For the second and third virial coefficients that equation of state needs, ČOS 102507 gives separate methods for a pure substance, using the Lennard-Jones potential for non-polar molecules and the Stockmayer potential for polar ones, with the underlying molecular parameters uncertain to around 10 percent, and for mixtures, where it allows Corner's rule as the simplest approach or, for high pressures above roughly 400 to 500 MPa as in the French Bagheera code, an alternative attributed to Agamat that it describes as just as simple but better verified.
Heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy coefficients for each reacting substance are to be taken primarily from the JANAF thermochemical tables, with NASA-Lewis expansion coefficients derived from JANAF as a secondary source. Atomic masses must follow the latest values the IUPAC Commission on Atomic Weights publishes, and the standard fixes the universal gas constant at 8.314510 J/(mol·K). It also supplies a reference table of standard heats of formation for the main components used in gun propellants, drawn primarily from a named 1990 study; for a component not listed there, the heat of formation must come from that same study or, failing that, state its own source. The standard calls its own worked reference data examples only, always subject to revision, and states that France maintains and updates the underlying reference database, made available to all NATO states.
Finally, ČOS 102507 sets out a standard reporting form on which a propellant's derived characteristics are recorded, including its heat of explosion, solid density, isochoric adiabatic explosion temperature, specific energy, covolume, combustion products, and burning rate measured in a closed vessel over a stated pressure range.
How we help
A supplier bound by STANAG 4400 through a contract holds the obtained text through its national authority. In ComplyTrain you record the requirements that apply to you as your own requirements, give each an owner, and keep the evidence that shows you meet them against each one.
Request access to this standard
Tell us how you need to work with STANAG 4400 and what you need from it. We will come back to you about what ComplyTrain can do.
Thank you. Your list is on its way to your inbox, and we will come back to you on what working with these standards in ComplyTrain involves, usually within one business day.
What ComplyTrain does
One system for the whole compliance programme. Start with the module you need most.
Forms & Follow-up
Collect information the same way every time, and decide in advance what happens next.
Controls & Assurance
Know whether your controls are operating, not just whether a policy says they exist.
Project Planner
Turn the compliance work you already know about into a plan with owners, dependencies and dates.
Product Compliance
Know what you can offer, and hold the evidence behind every configuration you offer it in.
Reporting & Analytics
Eight built-in reports across every module, scheduled, delivered, and filed where the evidence lives.
Media Monitoring
The sector news that matters to your organisation - read and rated by AI, and delivered as a scheduled digest in your own language.
Grants & Tenders
AI reads the tender pack and pulls out the requirements, deadlines and rules - then helps you draft the response from your own approved content, with you reviewing every step.
Stakeholder/Vendor Management
One current register of the suppliers and partners you depend on - each risk-assessed, re-assessing itself on schedule, and wired straight into your risk register.
Requirements Management
See every requirement you face - across every standard, plus your own contracts and policies - traced to the documents, evidence and processes that satisfy it.
Risk Management
Identify, score, treat and review your risks in one place - with AI to help anyone run a proper assessment, and a defensible trail behind every decision.
Training Management
Assign training, prove it was understood, and hold the competence records an auditor asks for.
Document Control
Draft compliance documents with AI, keep every version under control, and export them beautifully branded - all in one place.
Quality Management
Audits, corrective actions, processes and approvals in one quality system, organised around ISO 9001.
Latest from ComplyTrain
ISO 9001 audit: what happens, stage by stage
The types of ISO 9001 audit, what Stage 1 and Stage 2 each check, how nonconformities are graded and closed, and how to prepare for your first certification.
Three partners, three Member States, one evidence base
The EDF consortium rule is usually quoted as three entities from three Member States. It has a second limb about control that the word independent quietly hides, and two exceptions that disapply it entirely.
Other standards in Land armaments
- AEP-3.12.1.5AEP-3.12.1.5 military load classification of bridges, ferries, rafts and vehicles
- AEP-64AEP-64 paint systems resistant to chemical agents and decontaminants
- AEP-65AEP-65 test method for paint systems resistant to chemical agents
- AEP-94AEP-94 skin penetration assessment for non-lethal projectiles
- AEP-97AEP-97 multi-calibre manual of proof and inspection for NATO small arms ammunition
- AEP-98AEP-98 precision assessment of non-lethal kinetic energy weapons and ammunition