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STANAG 4635
STANAG 4635 the NATO armaments error budget
Developers of ground artillery fire control software and ballistic computation systems, and the armed forces that specify or evaluate them.
STANAG 4635 sets out NATO's model for the error budget of ground artillery indirect fire. NATO has not released it publicly; this page describes it from the Czech defence standard that implements it.
- Edition
- 1
- Published
- 2011-08-02
NATO has not released this STANAG publicly. It is NATO UNCLASSIFIED, and organisations that need it obtain it through their national standardization authority.
What it is
STANAG 4635 is the NATO Standardization Agreement on the NATO armaments error budget. Edition 1, promulgated in August 2011, is sponsored by CNAD, AC/225 NAAG, ICGIF.
NATO has not released STANAG 4635 publicly, so this page describes it from a public national implementation, the Czech defence standard ČOS 109006 (edition 1, effective from 4 March 2020), which states that it introduces STANAG 4635 edition 1 into Czech use. A national implementation can add national requirements and reservations, so treat what follows as the Czech implementation's content, not as NATO's own text.
What the Czech implementation covers
ČOS 109006 sets out a model for the error budget of ground artillery indirect fire: a statistical way of describing and combining the sources of error that affect the accuracy and spread of a weapon system's fire. It states the model cannot be used for direct-fire weapon systems, indirect-fire rocket systems, air-to-air or air-to-surface weapon systems, ricochet fire from indirect-fire weapons, or the ballistic behaviour of fragments after a projectile impacts.
The model splits error into two groups: precision, defined as the error of the mean point of impact relative to the aim point, and density, defined as the round-to-round error around that mean point of impact. It notes that current barrel artillery reaches around 20 km, and beyond 40 km with rocket-assisted projectiles and stronger charge systems, and that at these ranges mean-point-of-impact error becomes the main limit on a weapon system's effectiveness. It gives an indicative breakdown of where that error comes from: about 65% from changes in meteorological conditions, 23% from changes in exterior ballistic conditions, 10% from changes in muzzle velocity, and 2% from other influences.
ČOS 109006 covers two calculation approaches: a deterministic method that combines error sources by root-sum-square, and a stochastic method based on Monte Carlo simulation. It defines standard deviations for range, deflection and height of burst that other standards can draw on, and names several documents this model depends on or complements, including the modified point-mass trajectory model of ČOS 109001, the muzzle-velocity procedures of ČOS 130011, STANAG 4278 on navigation accuracy, AAP-06 for terminology, and volume I of AMETOCP-4 for the meteorological messages the model consumes.
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A supplier bound by STANAG 4635 through a contract holds the obtained text through its national authority. In ComplyTrain you record the requirements that apply to you as your own requirements, give each an owner, and keep the evidence that shows you meet them against each one.
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